CHRONONPHARMACOLOGY: TO DETERMINE THE BEST BIOLOGICAL TIME FOR DRUG ADMINISTRATION

Abstract

Chronopharmacology is a science which deal with the study of the changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs in relation to the biological clock of the body. Biological clock is a master pacemaker of different living organisms which occur naturally inside their body. Chronotherapeutics approaches help in treating patients at their highest risk and when the therapy is needed most the time of diseases showing maximum symptoms. They release drug at targeted site with predetermined rate for particular rate of time which result in achieving safe and potent drug delivery system. Chronergy is the term used for the time dependent action of drug in animal. The biological clock is present in most cells of body, however organized in hierarchical order. Some behaviour and physiological aspects are controlled directly via a master clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus, while others are controlled by slave oscillators in separate brain region or body tissues. Therefore, full prediction of Chronopharmacology is required on how circadian rhythms affect the diseases and what is the right time to treat them to decrease the adverse effect of the drug and what is the best time when body itself favouring in the treatment of the diseases by releasing some chemicals.